Social media adoption by microbusinesses

The social media implementation process (initiation, adoption, adaptation, acceptance, use and incorporation) is examined in correlation with the five factors (individual, organisational, technological, environmental and performance). Numerous existing theories from the innovation, technology adoption and performance measurement literature are used to derive probable relation between the implementation process and the five factors. Such expansive scope and comprehensive theory development has been articulated but never attempted. To manage the large scope, microbusinesses are selected purposefully due to their limited business processes. The research design reflects the need for relevance by using Lewin’s action research (traditional social change model) as the primary method augmented by participant observation (physical and online). Data collection uses a mix of unstructured, semi-structured and structured interviews assisted by structured observation. Data analysis uses a set of routines, such as tabulation, categorisation, abstraction and verification, involving prediction and testing. The research finds that a collaborative process to address concerns, along with quick start and self-training, helped to adopt social media. Participants needed to focus on concrete experience, work-place learning and personal knowledge for learning to use social media. Usefulness arising from improved communication, fitness and medium richness was the dominant indicator for acceptance and use. Continued use relied on satisfaction and habit of the user. Individual characteristics and personality factors both seemed to be a poor indicator of adoption with weak links towards extroversion. Microbusinesses suffered primarily from context and mental mode related challenges for social media use. Type of business, such as service shops, had a greater probability of success. Social media positively affected relationship marketing in terms of service quality. Business activity associated with specialisation seemed to perform poorly with social media. Finally, performance measurement techniques included finding the capability of social media to meet survival objectives, improve capacity utilisation and business resale value

Hopf coactions on commutative algebras generated by a quadratically independent comodule

Let A be a commutative unital algebra over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic not equal to 2, whose generators form a finite-dimensional subspace V, with no nontrivial homogeneous quadratic relations. Let Q be a Hopf algebra that coacts on A inner-faithfully, while leaving V invariant. We prove that Q must be commutative when either: (i) the coaction preserves a non-degenerate bilinear form on V; or (ii) Q is co-semisimple, finite-dimensional, and char(k)=0.Comment: v2: 4 pages. To appear in Communications in Algebr

Hopf coactions on commutative algebras generated by a quadratically independent comodule

Let A be a commutative unital algebra over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic ≠ 2, whose generators form a finite-dimensional subspace V, with no nontrivial homogeneous quadratic relations. Let Q be a Hopf algebra that coacts on A inner-faithfully, while leaving V invariant. We prove that Q must be commutative when either: (i) the coaction preserves a non-degenerate bilinear form on V; or (ii) Q is co-semisimple, finite-dimensional, and char(k) = 0.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant DMS-1502244)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant DMS-1550306

A case of complicated bullous systemic lupus erythematosus managed with Rituximab

Skin Involvement is seen nearly 76 per cent of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, but bullous lesion however accounting for less than one per cent of cutaneous manifestation of lupus erythematosus. A 21-year-old female presented with fever, polyarthalgia and vesicobullous skin lesion and acute renal failure. Clinico-pathological evaluation imparted she was having bullous systemic lupus erythematosus (BSLE) with lupus nephritis. She was put on rituximab after initial resuscitation. She had responded dramatically with resolution of skin lesion and recovery from acute renal failure. She was followed up for one year without complication with stable disease course

Study of trends in cross-section values of primary reactions of most abundant isotope of elements with Z= 6 to 116 induced by 14 MeV neutrons using TALYS code and the EXFOR database

Study was carried out to understand the trends of variation of cross-section values of all possible primary reactions induced by 14 MeV neutrons incident on the most abundant isotope of elements from atomic number 6 to 116. The available nuclear reaction channels and cross-section values of all possible primary reactions were obtained using the theoretical values calculated using TALYS nuclear code version 1.96. The trends were explained on the basis of nuclear binding energy curve, the pairing effect and shell effect. Most of the trends show a regular variation except at some points, which give interesting information for the nucleus where trend is irregular. The variation of the available experimental cross-section values obtained from the EXFOR database, if any, was also obtained and compared with the trends obtained from the theoretical values. The discrepancies in the trends of theoretical and experimental cross-section values of various possible reactions were explained on the basis of the possible errors in experiments and the assumptions of the theoretical model of the TALYS nuclear code

Internet enabled business and taxation: A literature review

This report has been commissioned to review the academic literature on taxation related to electronic commerce. The main body of academic literature related to the linkage of taxation and electronic commerce is discussed in section three of this report. Section two of the report is intended to be scene and context setting for the core of the report in section three. Section four briefly identifies several opportunities for further research relevant to the theme of this report. Rather than just a broad and detailed academic review of the literature of interest only to academic researchers, the report has been focused by the authors on areas that may potentially be of interest to Inland Revenue with regards to changing forms of businesses that are enabled by the Internet, and issues that may impact how future tax policy may develop. The report has been written as part literature review (of electronic commerce research areas that are particularly relevant to a taxation context), and part discussion document (to raise awareness of potential areas where new policy approaches may be needed). The main reference resource of the report is the structured overview of electronic commerce literature from the last decade, which is presented in Appendix B. Over five hundred published academic journal articles are identified and briefly described under a subject structure. Citation information is provided in the reference list at the end of the Appendix so that full articles can be located and purchased if required

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Not AvailableThe aim of this investigation was to develop a durable, rigid, and reusable resin disc for soil testing with the hypothesis that a uniformly shaped disc of cation/anion exchange resin placed in direct contact with the soil will accumulate ions from the soil by processes similar to those for living plant roots in the natural soil–solution–plant continuum. To develop regression equations for the relationship of resin-adsorbed quantity (RAQ) to yield of rice, soils were collected before sowing from different plots of a rice field where a fertility gradient had been created in the previous year by growing rice with different doses of fertilizers. For resin-disc soil testing, a soil sample is made into a saturated paste and placed in intimate contact with the resin disc. After 24 h (as decided from the kinetic experiment), the resin disc–soil assembly was dismantled. Ammonium, phosphate, sulfate, and potassium ions were extracted from the discs. Rice was grown in those plots without any fertilizer, and yields were recorded. Regression analysis was done between yield and nutrients adsorbed by the resin (NAR). The same soils were alsoanalyzed for organic carbon, phosphate, sulfate, and potassium by the conventional chemical extraction method. Multiple regression analyses of grain yield (Y) as the dependent variable and resin-adsorbed N (RN), resin-adsorbed P (RP), resin-adsorbed K (RK), and resin-adsorbed S (RS) as independent variables produced the following relationships: Y = 5.95 + 5.13RN + 23.85RP – 2.4RK + 1.05RS, multiple R2 = 0.793. The resin-disc method gave much better regression with rice yield than the conventional chemical extraction method.Not Availabl

Malignancy and autoimmunity : causally or casually related?

Coexistent malignancy and autoimmune rheumatic disease requires the physician to explore a causal link. Rheumatic manifestations mimicking autoimmune diseases can precede, accompany or follow the onset of neoplastic disease. Identified links include shared environmental factors such as smoking with rheumatoid arthritis and lung cancer, and a common disease such as inflammatory bowel disease with spondyloarthritis and colon cancer. Long-term and often severe immune stimulus of autoimmune disease has been linked to malignancy of the immune system, and paradoxically, long-term suppression of the immune response as exemplified in organ transplantation, is also linked to risk of subsequent malignancy